Halotolerant Endophytic Bacterium Serratia rubidaea ED1 Enhances Phosphate Solubilization and Promotes Seed Germination

Quinoa is renowned for its nutritional value and ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions such as salinity. In the present work, we isolated 34 phosphate solubilizing endophytic bacteria associated with roots of quinoa plants. Based on solubilization efficiency biochemical characterization, selected one isolate named ED1. Ribotyping using partial 16S RNA gene analysis revealed that shares 99.7% identity Serratia rubidaea. Plant growth promoting (PGP) studies showed ED1 strain solubilized complexed forms (Ca3(PO4)2). Zinc release from ZnO, Zn3(PO4)2, or ZnCO3 efficient ZnO by strain. Except proteases, produced siderophores, cellulase, ammonia exhibited oligonitrophilic features. Indole acetic acid (IAA) production was detected without L-tryptophan precursor. Next, demonstrated tolerated 1.5 M NaCl final concentration intrinsic resistance seven antibiotics frequently prescribed medical use. Moreover, found withstood 2 mg/L Cadmium 1 either Nickel Copper. Furthermore, observed S. rubidaea stimulated seeds germination seedlings under salt stress conditions. Lastly, discuss advantages versus disadvantages applying a beneficial agent salty and/or heavy metals contaminated soils.